Systematic Index

cient (1090, 1097) 1295 f., 1367 f., 1521.

Necessity of Grace

X c Universally in the work of salvation grace is necessary 103 ff., 126 f., 130 ff., 176 ff., 199, 200ab, 376, 793 ff., 811 ff., 2103; not only grace of the intellect but of the will 104, 136, 180, 797; and absolutely indeed (elevating grace) for operating in a way conducive to salvation 105, 135, 178 ff., 186, 190, 193 ff., 198 f., 317, 373, 797 ff., 811, 1011, 1521, 1789, 1791; not, however, to operate well naturally (the good works of infidels and sinners) 642, 776, 1027, 1040, 1298, 1351 ff., 1523.

In particular grace (healing) is necessary to know truth 104, 180, 182, 195, to avoid sin 103 f., 132 f., 136, 186 ff., 2212, to act well 133, 184, 190 ff., 376, 806, 1011, 1054, to pray for grace 176, 179, 1520, to desire salvation 139, 177, 198, 798, 1518, 1520, for the beginning of faith 141, 178, 199, 200b, 797f., 1376 f., 2103, for perseverance 132, 183, 192, 806, 826, 832, 1519.

The Gratuitousness of Grace

X d Grace of justification is not owing to prayer 176, nor other dispositions 179, 1518; for a man is called with no preceding merit 135 ff., 176 ff., 191, 200, 200a, 797 f., 801, 1518; but with the grace received he can merit further 803.

The Efficacy of Grace

X e Grace is not the omnipotent will of God which nothing resists 797, 814, 1093, 1095, 1359 ff., 1386 f.; but man ought to cooperate freely with grace "which he can throw away" 134, 140, 160a, 196, 200, 317, 319, 348, 793 ff., 814, 819, 1093, 1095, 1224, 1359, 1375, 1381, 1419, 1521, 1791, 3005; hence God is said to cooperate with us 182, 200.

Not all grace is efficacious 1367, nor is all inefficacious grace useless and harmful 1296.

In what the nature of efficacious grace consists, there is free controversy 1090, 1097.

HABITUAL GRACE (SANCTIFYING)

X f Habitual grace is distinct from actual grace 1064 f.: it is a quality infused and inherent in the soul, by which man is formally justified 483, 792, 795, 799 f., 809, 821, 898, 1042, 1063 f.; as regenerated 102, 186, remains in Christ 197, 698, puts on the new man 792, and is made an heir of eternal life 792, 799 f., is the permanent principle of supernatural life 2237; but it is not that by which a Christian is distinguished from a non-Christian 1358 f.

Habitual grace is conferred in baptism 130, 186, 424, 792, 796, 847, 849, both upon children and adults 102, 482, 894, even those not predestined 827;

It can be increased especially through the reception of the sacraments 695, 698, 849, and by good works 803, 824, 842, 1044, not however after death 788;

It is lost not only by the sin of infidelity 808, 837, but by any mortal sin 324, 805 ff., 808, 833, 837, 862, 1393;

It can be regained (but only through the grace of God 192) even in one who is baptized and falls 160a, 167, 807, and it is regained by the sacrament of penance or its desire, see XIIi; sometimes by extreme unction, see XIIm; not however by the pouring out of the blood of animals 574a.

THE DISTRIBUTION OF GRACES

(Predestination, Reprobation)

X g God from eternity knew with certainty and immutably foreordained all future things 300, 316, 321 f., 348, 1784; not however in such a way that all things happen from absolute necessity 160a, 321, 607;

but man remains free to do good with grace or to choose evil having rejected grace 134, 400, 317 ff., 797 f., 1791; cf. Xe.

"God wills that all men be saved" 318, 794 f., 1380; and Christ died for all,