Systematic Index

842, 1008, 1010, 1419. Merits that have been lost, with the recovery of the state of grace, revive perfectly at the same time as the grace 2193.

Sin (personal)

XIII c To sin (actual) there is presupposed a knowledge of the law, whence it is not committed with invincible ignorance 775, 1068, 1292, but nevertheless with vincible 377; moreover, it ought to be a voluntary act 410, 775, 1046, 1050 f., by a personal will 1291; placed with true freedom, not only from coercion 1094, but from necessity 1039, 1041, 1066 f., 1291; nor is the suggestion to sin made by the devil by only placing stones or herbs 383. A grave sin, by which God is not offended (a philosophical sin) does not exist 1290.

By sin (actual) a guilt of sin (habitual sin) is contracted, which is not only the obligation of the penalty 1056 ff.; personal sins however are not passed on like original sin 1052 f.

Even one who is justified (although he be perfect 471 f.) can sin mortally 805, 833, 862.

Mortal sins are those by which God is always offended 1290, 3018, and man is made an enemy of God 899, and even a member of the devil 628, to whose power he has handed himself over 894, and a servant of sin 894, by which the grace of justification is lost 808, 837, 862, and eternal damnation is incurred 410, 464, 531, 693; and there are also sins venial in nature 106 ff., 804, 835, 1020, by which justice is not taken away 804, 899, which are a common evil 107 f., and without a special privilege cannot be avoided completely 833.

All mortal sins can be remitted 43, 167, and taken away by perfect charity with the desire for the sacrament 898, even before baptism 1033, or by the sacrament of penance (even without charity) 430, 724, 726 f., 798, 898, 1146, 1536, sometimes even by extreme unction 909.

Venial sins can be taken away in many ways 899, C902; in confession they are praiseworthily mentioned 470, 748 f., 899, 1539, C902.

Christian Perfection

XIII d It is possible to increase the justice received through the grace of Christ 471, 803; the virtues ought to be increased 1044, by observance of the commandments 1044.

The way to perfection is the imitation of Christ, who is the "master and example of all sanctity" 1972, 2224, 2232.

In the threefold way—purgative, illuminative, and unitive (1246) no one proceeds through quietism (Molinos) 1221–1288, but

there is required also the exercise of external works 1260, positive resistance against temptation 1237, 1257, and against the suggestions of the demon 1261 f.; the use of voluntary mortifications is of help 1258 f., confession and direction according to theology and philosophy 1279 f., 1286 f., 1329;

progress is impeded by a tedium with spiritual things 1248.

Extreme trials do not separate the superior part of the soul (with its voluntary acts) from the inferior (with its involuntary disturbances) 1340.

Perfection does not consist in this, that a man lack either concupiscence, which he suffers involuntarily 1050 f., 1074 ff., or every thing of his own and dominion 494, 575 f., 2224, or his own act of choice of will 576, or that he does not pursue things, honors, usefulness, internal devotion, sanctity, reward, the kingdom of heaven 508.

One does not reach so far, that a man lacks all venial sin 107 f., 804, 810 (except from a special privilege 833) 1276 f., or that he become impeccable 471; so that he cannot will anything other than what God wills 1281, so that he cannot make further progress in grace 471, so that he can be found more perfect than Christ 471, so that he may attain an immobile state in imperturbable peace 1282, or death of the senses 1283, or finally that in